Main Parts of the transformer
A power transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. It consists of the following main parts:
Core: The core is made of high permeability magnetic material and is used to provide a low reluctance path for the flux. It consists of laminated sheets of iron or steel that are stacked and held together with bolts or clamps.
Windings: The windings are the primary and secondary coils wound around the core. The primary winding is connected to the source of electrical energy and the secondary winding is connected to the load.
Insulation: The windings are insulated from each other and from the core to prevent electrical shorts and to maintain the integrity of the transformer.
Tank: The tank is a metal enclosure that houses the core and windings and provides protection against the external environment.
Cooling system: Power transformers generate a lot of heat during operation, so they need to be cooled to prevent overheating and damage. This is usually done through the use of oil or air cooling systems.
Bushing: The bushing is a ceramic or porcelain insulator that is used to provide an electrical connection between the transformer and the external electrical system.
Tap changer: The tap changer is a device that allows the transformer to operate at different voltage levels by changing the number of turns in the primary or secondary winding.
Protective devices: Power transformers are equipped with various protective devices such as fuses, circuit breakers, and relays to protect against electrical faults and ensure the transformer's safety.
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